system_data_types(7) — Linux manual page

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SYSTEM_DATA_TYPES(7)    Linux Programmer's Manual   SYSTEM_DATA_TYPES(7)

NAME         top

       system_data_types - overview of system data types

DESCRIPTION         top

       aiocb
              Include: <aio.h>.

              struct aiocb {
                  int             aio_fildes;    /* File descriptor */
                  off_t           aio_offset;    /* File offset */
                  volatile void  *aio_buf;       /* Location of buffer */
                  size_t          aio_nbytes;    /* Length of transfer */
                  int             aio_reqprio;   /* Request priority offset */
                  struct sigevent aio_sigevent;  /* Signal number and value */
                  int             aio_lio_opcode;/* Operation to be performed */
              };

              For further information about this structure, see aio(7).

              Conforming to: POSIX.1-2001 and later.

              See also: aio_cancel(3), aio_error(3), aio_fsync(3),
              aio_read(3), aio_return(3), aio_suspend(3), aio_write(3),
              lio_listio(3)

       blkcnt_t
              Include: <sys/types.h>.  Alternatively, <sys/stat.h>.

              Used for file block counts.  According to POSIX, it shall
              be a signed integer type.

              Conforming to: POSIX.1-2001 and later.

              See also: stat(2)

       blksize_t
              Include: <sys/types.h>.  Alternatively, <sys/stat.h>.

              Used for file block sizes.  According to POSIX, it shall
              be a signed integer type.

              Conforming to: POSIX.1-2001 and later.

              See also: stat(2)

       cc_t
              Include: <termios.h>.

              Used for terminal special characters.  According to POSIX,
              it shall be an unsigned integer type.

              Conforming to: POSIX.1-2001 and later.

              See also: termios(3)

       clock_t
              Include: <time.h> or <sys/types.h>.  Alternatively,
              <sys/time.h>.

              Used for system time in clock ticks or CLOCKS_PER_SEC
              (defined in <time.h>).  According to POSIX, it shall be an
              integer type or a real-floating type.

              Conforming to: C99 and later; POSIX.1-2001 and later.

              See also: times(2), clock(3)

       clockid_t
              Include: <sys/types.h>.  Alternatively, <time.h>.

              Used for clock ID type in the clock and timer functions.
              According to POSIX, it shall be defined as an arithmetic
              type.

              Conforming to: POSIX.1-2001 and later.

              See also: clock_adjtime(2), clock_getres(2),
              clock_nanosleep(2), timer_create(2),
              clock_getcpuclockid(3)

       dev_t
              Include: <sys/types.h>.  Alternatively, <sys/stat.h>.

              Used for device IDs.  According to POSIX, it shall be an
              integer type.  For further details of this type, see
              makedev(3).

              Conforming to: POSIX.1-2001 and later.

              See also: mknod(2), stat(2)

       div_t
              Include: <stdlib.h>.

              typedef struct {
                  int quot; /* Quotient */
                  int rem;  /* Remainder */
              } div_t;

              It is the type of the value returned by the div(3)
              function.

              Conforming to: C99 and later; POSIX.1-2001 and later.

              See also: div(3)

       double_t
              Include: <math.h>.

              The implementation's most efficient floating type at least
              as wide as double.  Its type depends on the value of the
              macro FLT_EVAL_METHOD (defined in <float.h>):

              0      double_t is double.

              1      double_t is double.

              2      double_t is long double.

              For other values of FLT_EVAL_METHOD, the type of double_t
              is implementation-defined.

              Conforming to: C99 and later; POSIX.1-2001 and later.

              See also: the float_t type in this page.

       fd_set
              Include: <sys/select.h>.  Alternatively, <sys/time.h>.

              A structure type that can represent a set of file
              descriptors.  According to POSIX, the maximum number of
              file descriptors in an fd_set structure is the value of
              the macro FD_SETSIZE.

              Conforming to: POSIX.1-2001 and later.

              See also: select(2)

       fenv_t
              Include: <fenv.h>.

              This type represents the entire floating-point
              environment, including control modes and status flags; for
              further details, see fenv(3).

              Conforming to: C99 and later; POSIX.1-2001 and later.

              See also: fenv(3)

       fexcept_t
              Include: <fenv.h>.

              This type represents the floating-point status flags
              collectively; for further details see fenv(3).

              Conforming to: C99 and later; POSIX.1-2001 and later.

              See also: fenv(3)

       FILE
              Include: <stdio.h>.  Alternatively, <wchar.h>.

              An object type used for streams.

              Conforming to: C99 and later; POSIX.1-2001 and later.

              See also: fclose(3), flockfile(3), fopen(3), fprintf(3),
              fread(3), fscanf(3), stdin(3), stdio(3)

       float_t
              Include: <math.h>.

              The implementation's most efficient floating type at least
              as wide as float.  Its type depends on the value of the
              macro FLT_EVAL_METHOD (defined in <float.h>):

              0      float_t is float.

              1      float_t is double.

              2      float_t is long double.

              For other values of FLT_EVAL_METHOD, the type of float_t
              is implementation-defined.

              Conforming to: C99 and later; POSIX.1-2001 and later.

              See also: the double_t type in this page.

       gid_t
              Include: <sys/types.h>.  Alternatively, <grp.h>, <pwd.h>,
              <signal.h>, <stropts.h>, <sys/ipc.h>, <sys/stat.h>, or
              <unistd.h>.

              A type used to hold group IDs.  According to POSIX, this
              shall be an integer type.

              Conforming to: POSIX.1-2001 and later.

              See also: chown(2), getgid(2), getegid(2), getgroups(2),
              getresgid(2), getgrnam(3), credentials(7)

       id_t
              Include: <sys/types.h>.  Alternatively, <sys/resource.h>.

              A type used to hold a general identifier.  According to
              POSIX, this shall be an integer type that can be used to
              contain a pid_t, uid_t, or gid_t.

              Conforming to: POSIX.1-2001 and later.

              See also: getpriority(2), waitid(2)

       imaxdiv_t
              Include: <inttypes.h>.

              typedef struct {
                  intmax_t    quot; /* Quotient */
                  intmax_t    rem;  /* Remainder */
              } imaxdiv_t;

              It is the type of the value returned by the imaxdiv(3)
              function.

              Conforming to: C99 and later; POSIX.1-2001 and later.

              See also: imaxdiv(3)

       intmax_t
              Include: <stdint.h>.  Alternatively, <inttypes.h>.

              A signed integer type capable of representing any value of
              any signed integer type supported by the implementation.
              According to the C language standard, it shall be capable
              of storing values in the range [INTMAX_MIN, INTMAX_MAX].

              The macro INTMAX_C() expands its argument to an integer
              constant of type intmax_t.

              The length modifier for intmax_t for the printf(3) and the
              scanf(3) families of functions is j; resulting commonly in
              %jd or %ji for printing intmax_t values.

              Conforming to: C99 and later; POSIX.1-2001 and later.

              Bugs: intmax_t is not large enough to represent values of
              type __int128 in implementations where __int128 is defined
              and long long is less than 128 bits wide.

              See also: the uintmax_t type in this page.

       intN_t
              Include: <stdint.h>.  Alternatively, <inttypes.h>.

              int8_t, int16_t, int32_t, int64_t

              A signed integer type of a fixed width of exactly N bits,
              N being the value specified in its type name.  According
              to the C language standard, they shall be capable of
              storing values in the range [INTN_MIN, INTN_MAX],
              substituting N by the appropriate number.

              According to POSIX, int8_t, int16_t, and int32_t are
              required; int64_t is only required in implementations that
              provide integer types with width 64; and all other types
              of this form are optional.

              The length modifiers for the intN_t types for the
              printf(3) family of functions are expanded by macros of
              the forms PRIdN and PRIiN (defined in <inttypes.h>);
              resulting for example in %"PRId64" or %"PRIi64" for
              printing int64_t values.  The length modifiers for the
              intN_t types for the scanf(3) family of functions are
              expanded by macros of the forms SCNdN and SCNiN, (defined
              in <inttypes.h>); resulting for example in %"SCNd8" or
              %"SCNi8" for scanning int8_t values.

              Conforming to: C99 and later; POSIX.1-2001 and later.

              See also: the intmax_t, uintN_t, and uintmax_t types in
              this page.

       intptr_t
              Include: <stdint.h>.  Alternatively, <inttypes.h>.

              A signed integer type such that any valid (void *) value
              can be converted to this type and back.  According to the
              C language standard, it shall be capable of storing values
              in the range [INTPTR_MIN, INTPTR_MAX].

              The length modifier for intptr_t for the printf(3) family
              of functions is expanded by the macros PRIdPTR and PRIiPTR
              (defined in <inttypes.h>); resulting commonly in
              %"PRIdPTR" or %"PRIiPTR" for printing intptr_t values.
              The length modifier for intptr_t for the scanf(3) family
              of functions is expanded by the macros SCNdPTR and
              SCNiPTR, (defined in <inttypes.h>); resulting commonly in
              %"SCNdPTR" or %"SCNiPTR" for scanning intptr_t values.

              Conforming to: C99 and later; POSIX.1-2001 and later.

              See also: the uintptr_t and void * types in this page.

       lconv
              Include: <locale.h>.

              struct lconv {                  /* Values in the "C" locale: */
                  char   *decimal_point;      /* "." */
                  char   *thousands_sep;      /* "" */
                  char   *grouping;           /* "" */
                  char   *mon_decimal_point;  /* "" */
                  char   *mon_thousands_sep;  /* "" */
                  char   *mon_grouping;       /* "" */
                  char   *positive_sign;      /* "" */
                  char   *negative_sign;      /* "" */
                  char   *currency_symbol;    /* "" */
                  char    frac_digits;        /* CHAR_MAX */
                  char    p_cs_precedes;      /* CHAR_MAX */
                  char    n_cs_precedes;      /* CHAR_MAX */
                  char    p_sep_by_space;     /* CHAR_MAX */
                  char    n_sep_by_space;     /* CHAR_MAX */
                  char    p_sign_posn;        /* CHAR_MAX */
                  char    n_sign_posn;        /* CHAR_MAX */
                  char   *int_curr_symbol;    /* "" */
                  char    int_frac_digits;    /* CHAR_MAX */
                  char    int_p_cs_precedes;  /* CHAR_MAX */
                  char    int_n_cs_precedes;  /* CHAR_MAX */
                  char    int_p_sep_by_space; /* CHAR_MAX */
                  char    int_n_sep_by_space; /* CHAR_MAX */
                  char    int_p_sign_posn;    /* CHAR_MAX */
                  char    int_n_sign_posn;    /* CHAR_MAX */
              };

              Contains members related to the formatting of numeric
              values.  In the "C" locale, its members have the values
              shown in the comments above.

              Conforming to: C11 and later; POSIX.1-2001 and later.

              See also: setlocale(3), localeconv(3), charsets(7),
              locale(7)

       ldiv_t
              Include: <stdlib.h>.

              typedef struct {
                  long    quot; /* Quotient */
                  long    rem;  /* Remainder */
              } ldiv_t;

              It is the type of the value returned by the ldiv(3)
              function.

              Conforming to: C99 and later; POSIX.1-2001 and later.

              See also: ldiv(3)

       lldiv_t
              Include: <stdlib.h>.

              typedef struct {
                  long long   quot; /* Quotient */
                  long long   rem;  /* Remainder */
              } lldiv_t;

              It is the type of the value returned by the lldiv(3)
              function.

              Conforming to: C99 and later; POSIX.1-2001 and later.

              See also: lldiv(3)

       mode_t
              Include: <sys/types.h>.  Alternatively, <fcntl.h>,
              <ndbm.h>, <spawn.h>, <sys/ipc.h>, <sys/mman.h>, or
              <sys/stat.h>.

              Used for some file attributes (e.g., file mode).
              According to POSIX, it shall be an integer type.

              Conforming to: POSIX.1-2001 and later.

              See also: chmod(2), mkdir(2), open(2), stat(2), umask(2)

       off64_t
              Include: <sys/types.h>.

              Used for file sizes.  It is a 64-bit signed integer type.

              Conforming to: Present in glibc.  It is not standardized
              by the C language standard nor POSIX.

              Notes: The feature test macro _LARGEFILE64_SOURCE has to
              be defined for this type to be available.

              See also: copy_file_range(2), readahead(2),
              sync_file_range(2), lseek64(3), feature_test_macros(7)

              See also the off_t type in this page.

       off_t
              Include: <sys/types.h>.  Alternatively, <aio.h>,
              <fcntl.h>, <stdio.h>, <sys/mman.h>, <sys/stat.h.h>, or
              <unistd.h>.

              Used for file sizes.  According to POSIX, this shall be a
              signed integer type.

              Versions: <aio.h> and <stdio.h> define off_t since
              POSIX.1-2008.

              Conforming to: POSIX.1-2001 and later.

              Notes: On some architectures, the width of this type can
              be controlled with the feature test macro
              _FILE_OFFSET_BITS.

              See also: lseek(2), mmap(2), posix_fadvise(2), pread(2),
              truncate(2), fseeko(3), lockf(3), posix_fallocate(3),
              feature_test_macros(7)

              See also the off64_t type in this page.

       pid_t
              Include: <sys/types.h>.  Alternatively, <fcntl.h>,
              <sched.h>, <signal.h>, <spawn.h>, <sys/msg.h>,
              <sys/sem.h>, <sys/shm.h>, <sys/wait.h>, <termios.h>,
              <time.h>, <unistd.h>, or <utmpx.h>.

              This type is used for storing process IDs, process group
              IDs, and session IDs.  According to POSIX, it shall be a
              signed integer type, and the implementation shall support
              one or more programming environments where the width of
              pid_t is no greater than the width of the type long.

              Conforming to: POSIX.1-2001 and later.

              See also: fork(2), getpid(2), getppid(2), getsid(2),
              gettid(2), getpgid(2), kill(2), pidfd_open(2),
              sched_setscheduler(2), waitpid(2), sigqueue(3),
              credentials(7),

       ptrdiff_t
              Include: <stddef.h>.

              Used for a count of elements, and array indices.  It is
              the result of subtracting two pointers.  According to the
              C language standard, it shall be a signed integer type
              capable of storing values in the range [PTRDIFF_MIN,
              PTRDIFF_MAX].

              The length modifier for ptrdiff_t for the printf(3) and
              the scanf(3) families of functions is t; resulting
              commonly in %td or %ti for printing ptrdiff_t values.

              Conforming to: C99 and later; POSIX.1-2001 and later.

              See also: the size_t and ssize_t types in this page.

       regex_t
              Include: <regex.h>.

              typedef struct {
                  size_t  re_nsub; /* Number of parenthesized subexpressions */
              } regex_t;

              This is a structure type used in regular expression
              matching.  It holds a compiled regular expression,
              compiled with regcomp(3).

              Conforming to: POSIX.1-2001 and later.

              See also: regex(3)

       regmatch_t
              Include: <regex.h>.

              typedef struct {
                  regoff_t    rm_so; /* Byte offset from start of string
                                        to start of substring */
                  regoff_t    rm_eo; /* Byte offset from start of string of
                                        the first character after the end of
                                        substring */
              } regmatch_t;

              This is a structure type used in regular expression
              matching.

              Conforming to: POSIX.1-2001 and later.

              See also: regexec(3)

       regoff_t
              Include: <regex.h>.

              According to POSIX, it shall be a signed integer type
              capable of storing the largest value that can be stored in
              either a ptrdiff_t type or a ssize_t type.

              Versions: Prior to POSIX.1-2008, the type was capable of
              storing the largest value that can be stored in either an
              off_t type or a ssize_t type.

              Conforming to: POSIX.1-2001 and later.

              See also: the regmatch_t structure and the ptrdiff_t and
              ssize_t types in this page.

       sigevent
              Include: <signal.h>.  Alternatively, <aio.h>, <mqueue.h>,
              or <time.h>.

              struct sigevent {
                  int             sigev_notify; /* Notification type */
                  int             sigev_signo;  /* Signal number */
                  union sigval    sigev_value;  /* Signal value */
                  void          (*sigev_notify_function)(union sigval);
                                                /* Notification function */
                  pthread_attr_t *sigev_notify_attributes;
                                                /* Notification attributes */
              };

              For further details about this type, see sigevent(7).

              Versions: <aio.h> and <time.h> define sigevent since
              POSIX.1-2008.

              Conforming to: POSIX.1-2001 and later.

              See also: timer_create(2), getaddrinfo_a(3),
              lio_listio(3), mq_notify(3)

              See also the aiocb structure in this page.

       siginfo_t
              Include: <signal.h>.  Alternatively, <sys/wait.h>.

              typedef struct {
                  int      si_signo;  /* Signal number */
                  int      si_code;   /* Signal code */
                  pid_t    si_pid;    /* Sending process ID */
                  uid_t    si_uid;    /* Real user ID of sending process */
                  void    *si_addr;   /* Address of faulting instruction */
                  int      si_status; /* Exit value or signal */
                  union sigval si_value;  /* Signal value */
              } siginfo_t;

              Information associated with a signal.  For further details
              on this structure (including additional, Linux-specific
              fields), see sigaction(2).

              Conforming to: POSIX.1-2001 and later.

              See also: pidfd_send_signal(2), rt_sigqueueinfo(2),
              sigaction(2), sigwaitinfo(2), psiginfo(3)

       sigset_t
              Include: <signal.h>.  Alternatively, <spawn.h>, or
              <sys/select.h>.

              This is a type that represents a set of signals.
              According to POSIX, this shall be an integer or structure
              type.

              Conforming to: POSIX.1-2001 and later.

              See also: epoll_pwait(2), ppoll(2), pselect(2),
              sigaction(2), signalfd(2), sigpending(2), sigprocmask(2),
              sigsuspend(2), sigwaitinfo(2), signal(7)

       sigval
              Include: <signal.h>.

              union sigval {
                  int     sigval_int; /* Integer value */
                  void   *sigval_ptr; /* Pointer value */
              };

              Data passed with a signal.

              Conforming to: POSIX.1-2001 and later.

              See also: pthread_sigqueue(3), sigqueue(3), sigevent(7)

              See also the sigevent structure and the siginfo_t type in
              this page.

       size_t
              Include: <stddef.h> or <sys/types.h>.  Alternatively,
              <aio.h>, <glob.h>, <grp.h>, <iconv.h>, <monetary.h>,
              <mqueue.h>, <ndbm.h>, <pwd.h>, <regex.h>, <search.h>,
              <signal.h>, <stdio.h>, <stdlib.h>, <string.h>,
              <strings.h>, <sys/mman.h>, <sys/msg.h>, <sys/sem.h>,
              <sys/shm.h>, <sys/socket.h>, <sys/uio.h>, <time.h>,
              <unistd.h>, <wchar.h>, or <wordexp.h>.

              Used for a count of bytes.  It is the result of the sizeof
              operator.  According to the C language standard, it shall
              be an unsigned integer type capable of storing values in
              the range [0, SIZE_MAX].  According to POSIX, the
              implementation shall support one or more programming
              environments where the width of size_t is no greater than
              the width of the type long.

              The length modifier for size_t for the printf(3) and the
              scanf(3) families of functions is z; resulting commonly in
              %zu or %zx for printing size_t values.

              Versions: <aio.h>, <glob.h>, <grp.h>, <iconv.h>,
              <mqueue.h>, <pwd.h>, <signal.h>, and <sys/socket.h> define
              size_t since POSIX.1-2008.

              Conforming to: C99 and later; POSIX.1-2001 and later.

              See also: read(2), write(2), fread(3), fwrite(3),
              memcmp(3), memcpy(3), memset(3), offsetof(3)

              See also the ptrdiff_t and ssize_t types in this page.

       sockaddr
              Include: <sys/socket.h>.

              struct sockaddr {
                  sa_family_t sa_family; /* Address family */
                  char        sa_data[]; /* Socket address */
              };

              Describes a socket address.

              Conforming to: POSIX.1-2001 and later.

              See also: accept(2), getpeername(2), getsockname(2),
              socket(2)

       socklen_t
              Include: <sys/socket.h>.  Alternatively, <netdb.h>.

              Describes the length of a socket address.  According to
              POSIX, this shall be an integer type of at least 32 bits.

              Conforming to: POSIX.1-2001 and later.

              See also: accept(2), bind(2), connect(2),
              gethostbyaddr(2), getnameinfo(2), socket(2)

              See also the sockaddr structure in this page.

       ssize_t
              Include: <sys/types.h>.  Alternatively, <aio.h>,
              <monetary.h>, <mqueue.h>, <stdio.h>, <sys/msg.h>,
              <sys/socket.h>, <sys/uio.h>, or <unistd.h>.

              Used for a count of bytes or an error indication.
              According to POSIX, it shall be a signed integer type
              capable of storing values at least in the range [-1,
              SSIZE_MAX], and the implementation shall support one or
              more programming environments where the width of ssize_t
              is no greater than the width of the type long.

              Glibc and most other implementations provide a length
              modifier for ssize_t for the printf(3) and the scanf(3)
              families of functions, which is z; resulting commonly in
              %zd or %zi for printing ssize_t values.  Although z works
              for ssize_t on most implementations, portable POSIX
              programs should avoid using it—for example, by converting
              the value to intmax_t and using its length modifier (j).

              Conforming to: POSIX.1-2001 and later.

              See also: read(2), readlink(2), readv(2), recv(2),
              send(2), write(2)

              See also the ptrdiff_t and size_t types in this page.

       suseconds_t
              Include: <sys/types.h>.  Alternatively, <sys/select.h>, or
              <sys/time.h>.

              Used for time in microseconds.  According to POSIX, it
              shall be a signed integer type capable of storing values
              at least in the range [-1, 1000000], and the
              implementation shall support one or more programming
              environments where the width of suseconds_t is no greater
              than the width of the type long.

              Conforming to: POSIX.1-2001 and later.

              See also: the timeval structure in this page.

       time_t
              Include: <time.h> or <sys/types.h>.  Alternatively,
              <sched.h>, <sys/msg.h>, <sys/select.h>, <sys/sem.h>,
              <sys/shm.h>, <sys/stat.h>, <sys/time.h>, or <utime.h>.

              Used for time in seconds.  According to POSIX, it shall be
              an integer type.

              Versions: <sched.h> defines time_t since POSIX.1-2008.

              Conforming to: C99 and later; POSIX.1-2001 and later.

              See also: stime(2), time(2), ctime(3), difftime(3)

       timer_t
              Include: <sys/types.h>.  Alternatively, <time.h>.

              Used for timer ID returned by timer_create(2).  According
              to POSIX, there are no defined comparison or assignment
              operators for this type.

              Conforming to: POSIX.1-2001 and later.

              See also: timer_create(2), timer_delete(2),
              timer_getoverrun(2), timer_settime(2)

       timespec
              Include: <time.h>.  Alternatively, <aio.h>, <mqueue.h>,
              <sched.h>, <signal.h>, <sys/select.h>, or <sys/stat.h>.

              struct timespec {
                  time_t  tv_sec;  /* Seconds */
                  long    tv_nsec; /* Nanoseconds */
              };

              Describes times in seconds and nanoseconds.

              Conforming to: C11 and later; POSIX.1-2001 and later.

              See also: clock_gettime(2), clock_nanosleep(2),
              nanosleep(2), timerfd_gettime(2), timer_gettime(2)

       timeval
              Include: <sys/time.h>.  Alternatively, <sys/resource.h>,
              <sys/select.h>, or <utmpx.h>.

              struct timeval {
                  time_t      tv_sec;  /* Seconds */
                  suseconds_t tv_usec; /* Microseconds */
              };

              Describes times in seconds and microseconds.

              Conforming to: POSIX.1-2001 and later.

              See also: gettimeofday(2), select(2), utimes(2),
              adjtime(3), futimes(3), timeradd(3)

       uid_t
              Include: <sys/types.h>.  Alternatively, <pwd.h>,
              <signal.h>, <stropts.h>, <sys/ipc.h>, <sys/stat.h>, or
              <unistd.h>.

              A type used to hold user IDs.  According to POSIX, this
              shall be an integer type.

              Conforming to: POSIX.1-2001 and later.

              See also: chown(2), getuid(2), geteuid(2), getresuid(2),
              getpwnam(3), credentials(7)

       uintmax_t
              Include: <stdint.h>.  Alternatively, <inttypes.h>.

              An unsigned integer type capable of representing any value
              of any unsigned integer type supported by the
              implementation.  According to the C language standard, it
              shall be capable of storing values in the range [0,
              UINTMAX_MAX].

              The macro UINTMAX_C() expands its argument to an integer
              constant of type uintmax_t.

              The length modifier for uintmax_t for the printf(3) and
              the scanf(3) families of functions is j; resulting
              commonly in %ju or %jx for printing uintmax_t values.

              Conforming to: C99 and later; POSIX.1-2001 and later.

              Bugs: uintmax_t is not large enough to represent values of
              type unsigned __int128 in implementations where unsigned
              __int128 is defined and unsigned long long is less than
              128 bits wide.

              See also: the intmax_t type in this page.

       uintN_t
              Include: <stdint.h>.  Alternatively, <inttypes.h>.

              uint8_t, uint16_t, uint32_t, uint64_t

              An unsigned integer type of a fixed width of exactly N
              bits, N being the value specified in its type name.
              According to the C language standard, they shall be
              capable of storing values in the range [0, UINTN_MAX],
              substituting N by the appropriate number.

              According to POSIX, uint8_t, uint16_t, and uint32_t are
              required; uint64_t is only required in implementations
              that provide integer types with width 64; and all other
              types of this form are optional.

              The length modifiers for the uintN_t types for the
              printf(3) family of functions are expanded by macros of
              the forms PRIuN, PRIoN, PRIxN, and PRIXN (defined in
              <inttypes.h>); resulting for example in %"PRIu32" or
              %"PRIx32" for printing uint32_t values.  The length
              modifiers for the uintN_t types for the scanf(3) family of
              functions are expanded by macros of the forms SCNuN,
              SCNoN, SCNxN, and SCNXN (defined in <inttypes.h>);
              resulting for example in %"SCNu16" or %"SCNx16" for
              scanning uint16_t values.

              Conforming to: C99 and later; POSIX.1-2001 and later.

              See also: the intmax_t, intN_t, and uintmax_t types in
              this page.

       uintptr_t
              Include: <stdint.h>.  Alternatively, <inttypes.h>.

              An unsigned integer type such that any valid (void *)
              value can be converted to this type and back.  According
              to the C language standard, it shall be capable of storing
              values in the range [0, UINTPTR_MAX].

              The length modifier for uintptr_t for the printf(3) family
              of functions is expanded by the macros PRIuPTR, PRIoPTR,
              PRIxPTR, and PRIXPTR (defined in <inttypes.h>); resulting
              commonly in %"PRIuPTR" or %"PRIxPTR" for printing
              uintptr_t values.  The length modifier for uintptr_t for
              the scanf(3) family of functions is expanded by the macros
              SCNuPTR, SCNoPTR, SCNxPTR, and SCNXPTR (defined in
              <inttypes.h>); resulting commonly in %"SCNuPTR" or
              %"SCNxPTR" for scanning uintptr_t values.

              Conforming to: C99 and later; POSIX.1-2001 and later.

              See also: the intptr_t and void * types in this page.

       va_list
              Include: <stdarg>.  Alternatively, <stdio.h>, or
              <wchar.h>.

              Used by functions with a varying number of arguments of
              varying types.  The function must declare an object of
              type va_list which is used by the macros va_start(3),
              va_arg(3), va_copy(3), and va_end(3) to traverse the list
              of arguments.

              Conforming to: C99 and later; POSIX.1-2001 and later.

              See also: va_start(3), va_arg(3), va_copy(3), va_end(3)

       void *
              According to the C language standard, a pointer to any
              object type may be converted to a pointer to void and
              back.  POSIX further requires that any pointer, including
              pointers to functions, may be converted to a pointer to
              void and back.

              Conversions from and to any other pointer type are done
              implicitly, not requiring casts at all.  Note that this
              feature prevents any kind of type checking: the programmer
              should be careful not to convert a void * value to a type
              incompatible to that of the underlying data, because that
              would result in undefined behavior.

              This type is useful in function parameters and return
              value to allow passing values of any type.  The function
              will typically use some mechanism to know the real type of
              the data being passed via a pointer to void.

              A value of this type can't be dereferenced, as it would
              give a value of type void, which is not possible.
              Likewise, pointer arithmetic is not possible with this
              type.  However, in GNU C, pointer arithmetic is allowed as
              an extension to the standard; this is done by treating the
              size of a void or of a function as 1.  A consequence of
              this is that sizeof is also allowed on void and on
              function types, and returns 1.

              The conversion specifier for void * for the printf(3) and
              the scanf(3) families of functions is p.

              Versions: The POSIX requirement about compatibility
              between void * and function pointers was added in
              POSIX.1-2008 Technical Corrigendum 1 (2013).

              Conforming to: C99 and later; POSIX.1-2001 and later.

              See also: malloc(3), memcmp(3), memcpy(3), memset(3)

              See also the intptr_t and uintptr_t types in this page.

NOTES         top

       The structures described in this manual page shall contain, at
       least, the members shown in their definition, in no particular
       order.

       Most of the integer types described in this page don't have a
       corresponding length modifier for the printf(3) and the scanf(3)
       families of functions.  To print a value of an integer type that
       doesn't have a length modifier, it should be converted to
       intmax_t or uintmax_t by an explicit cast.  To scan into a
       variable of an integer type that doesn't have a length modifier,
       an intermediate temporary variable of type intmax_t or uintmax_t
       should be used.  When copying from the temporary variable to the
       destination variable, the value could overflow.  If the type has
       upper and lower limits, the user should check that the value is
       within those limits, before actually copying the value.  The
       example below shows how these conversions should be done.

   Conventions used in this page
       In "Conforming to" we only concern ourselves with C99 and later
       and POSIX.1-2001 and later.  Some types may be specified in
       earlier versions of one of these standards, but in the interests
       of simplicity we omit details from earlier standards.

       In "Include", we first note the "primary" header(s) that define
       the type according to either the C or POSIX.1 standards.  Under
       "Alternatively", we note additional headers that the standards
       specify shall define the type.

EXAMPLES         top

       The program shown below scans from a string and prints a value
       stored in a variable of an integer type that doesn't have a
       length modifier.  The appropriate conversions from and to
       intmax_t, and the appropriate range checks, are used as explained
       in the notes section above.

       #include <stdint.h>
       #include <stdio.h>
       #include <stdlib.h>
       #include <sys/types.h>

       int
       main (void)
       {
           static const char *const str = "500000 us in half a second";
           suseconds_t us;
           intmax_t    tmp;

           /* Scan the number from the string into the temporary variable. */

           sscanf(str, "%jd", &tmp);

           /* Check that the value is within the valid range of suseconds_t. */

           if (tmp < -1 || tmp > 1000000) {
               fprintf(stderr, "Scanned value outside valid range!\n");
               exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
           }

           /* Copy the value to the suseconds_t variable 'us'. */

           us = tmp;

           /* Even though suseconds_t can hold the value -1, this isn't
              a sensible number of microseconds. */

           if (us < 0) {
               fprintf(stderr, "Scanned value shouldn't be negative!\n");
               exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
           }

           /* Print the value. */

           printf("There are %jd microseconds in half a second.\n",
                   (intmax_t) us);

           exit(EXIT_SUCCESS);
       }

SEE ALSO         top

       feature_test_macros(7), standards(7)

COLOPHON         top

       This page is part of release 5.13 of the Linux man-pages project.
       A description of the project, information about reporting bugs,
       and the latest version of this page, can be found at
       https://www.kernel.org/doc/man-pages/.

Linux                          2021-03-22           SYSTEM_DATA_TYPES(7)

Pages that refer to this page: intro(2)intro(3)credentials(7)feature_test_macros(7)standards(7)