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NAME | SYNOPSIS | DESCRIPTION | COMMANDS | OPTIONS | EXIT STATUS | ENVIRONMENT | SEE ALSO | NOTES | COLOPHON |
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LOCALECTL(1) localectl LOCALECTL(1)
localectl - Control the system locale and keyboard layout
settings
localectl [OPTIONS...] {COMMAND}
localectl may be used to query and change the system locale and
keyboard layout settings. It communicates with systemd-localed(8)
to modify files such as /etc/locale.conf and /etc/vconsole.conf.
The system locale controls the language settings of system
services and of the UI before the user logs in, such as the
display manager, as well as the default for users after login.
The keyboard settings control the keyboard layout used on the
text console and of the graphical UI before the user logs in,
such as the display manager, as well as the default for users
after login.
Note that the changes performed using this tool might require the
initrd to be rebuilt to take effect during early system boot. The
initrd is not rebuilt automatically by localectl, this task has
to be performed manually, usually by reinstalling the
distribution's kernel package.
Note that systemd-firstboot(1) may be used to initialize the
system locale for mounted (but not booted) system images.
The following commands are understood:
status
Show current settings of the system locale and keyboard
mapping. If no command is specified, this is the implied
default.
Added in version 195.
set-locale LOCALE, set-locale VARIABLE=LOCALE...
Set the system locale. This takes one locale such as
"en_US.UTF-8", or takes one or more locale assignments such
as "LANG=de_DE.utf8", "LC_MESSAGES=en_GB.utf8", and so on. If
one locale without variable name is provided, then "LANG="
locale variable will be set. See locale(7) for details on the
available settings and their meanings. Use list-locales for a
list of available locales (see below).
Added in version 195.
list-locales
List available locales useful for configuration with
set-locale.
Added in version 195.
set-keymap MAP [TOGGLEMAP]
Set the system keyboard mapping for the console and X11. This
takes a mapping name (such as "de" or "us"), and possibly a
second one to define a toggle keyboard mapping. Unless
--no-convert is passed, the selected setting is also applied
as the default system keyboard mapping of X11, after
converting it to the closest matching X11 keyboard mapping.
Use list-keymaps for a list of available keyboard mappings
(see below).
Added in version 195.
list-keymaps
List available keyboard mappings for the console, useful for
configuration with set-keymap.
Added in version 195.
set-x11-keymap LAYOUT [MODEL [VARIANT [OPTIONS]]]
Set the system default keyboard mapping for X11 and the
virtual console. This takes a keyboard mapping name (such as
"de" or "us"), and possibly a model, variant, and options,
see kbd(4) for details. Unless --no-convert is passed, the
selected setting is also applied as the system console
keyboard mapping, after converting it to the closest matching
console keyboard mapping.
Added in version 195.
list-x11-keymap-models, list-x11-keymap-layouts,
list-x11-keymap-variants [LAYOUT], list-x11-keymap-options
List available X11 keymap models, layouts, variants and
options, useful for configuration with set-keymap. The
command list-x11-keymap-variants optionally takes a layout
parameter to limit the output to the variants suitable for
the specific layout.
Added in version 201.
The following options are understood:
--no-ask-password
Do not query the user for authentication for privileged
operations.
Added in version 195.
--no-convert
If set-keymap or set-x11-keymap is invoked and this option is
passed, then the keymap will not be converted from the
console to X11, or X11 to console, respectively.
Added in version 195.
-H, --host=
Execute the operation remotely. Specify a hostname, or a
username and hostname separated by "@", to connect to. The
hostname may optionally be suffixed by a port ssh is
listening on, separated by ":", and then a container name,
separated by "/", which connects directly to a specific
container on the specified host. This will use SSH to talk to
the remote machine manager instance. Container names may be
enumerated with machinectl -H HOST. Put IPv6 addresses in
brackets.
-M, --machine=
Execute operation on a local container. Specify a container
name to connect to, optionally prefixed by a user name to
connect as and a separating "@" character. If the special
string ".host" is used in place of the container name, a
connection to the local system is made (which is useful to
connect to a specific user's user bus: "--user
--machine=lennart@.host"). If the "@" syntax is not used, the
connection is made as root user. If the "@" syntax is used
either the left hand side or the right hand side may be
omitted (but not both) in which case the local user name and
".host" are implied.
-h, --help
Print a short help text and exit.
--version
Print a short version string and exit.
--no-pager
Do not pipe output into a pager.
On success, 0 is returned, a non-zero failure code otherwise.
$SYSTEMD_LOG_LEVEL
The maximum log level of emitted messages (messages with a
higher log level, i.e. less important ones, will be
suppressed). Takes a comma-separated list of values. A value
may be either one of (in order of decreasing importance)
emerg, alert, crit, err, warning, notice, info, debug, or an
integer in the range 0...7. See syslog(3) for more
information. Each value may optionally be prefixed with one
of console, syslog, kmsg or journal followed by a colon to
set the maximum log level for that specific log target (e.g.
SYSTEMD_LOG_LEVEL=debug,console:info specifies to log at
debug level except when logging to the console which should
be at info level). Note that the global maximum log level
takes priority over any per target maximum log levels.
$SYSTEMD_LOG_COLOR
A boolean. If true, messages written to the tty will be
colored according to priority.
This setting is only useful when messages are written
directly to the terminal, because journalctl(1) and other
tools that display logs will color messages based on the log
level on their own.
$SYSTEMD_LOG_TIME
A boolean. If true, console log messages will be prefixed
with a timestamp.
This setting is only useful when messages are written
directly to the terminal or a file, because journalctl(1) and
other tools that display logs will attach timestamps based on
the entry metadata on their own.
$SYSTEMD_LOG_LOCATION
A boolean. If true, messages will be prefixed with a filename
and line number in the source code where the message
originates.
Note that the log location is often attached as metadata to
journal entries anyway. Including it directly in the message
text can nevertheless be convenient when debugging programs.
$SYSTEMD_LOG_TID
A boolean. If true, messages will be prefixed with the
current numerical thread ID (TID).
Note that the this information is attached as metadata to
journal entries anyway. Including it directly in the message
text can nevertheless be convenient when debugging programs.
$SYSTEMD_LOG_TARGET
The destination for log messages. One of console (log to the
attached tty), console-prefixed (log to the attached tty but
with prefixes encoding the log level and "facility", see
syslog(3), kmsg (log to the kernel circular log buffer),
journal (log to the journal), journal-or-kmsg (log to the
journal if available, and to kmsg otherwise), auto (determine
the appropriate log target automatically, the default), null
(disable log output).
$SYSTEMD_LOG_RATELIMIT_KMSG
Whether to ratelimit kmsg or not. Takes a boolean. Defaults
to "true". If disabled, systemd will not ratelimit messages
written to kmsg.
$SYSTEMD_PAGER
Pager to use when --no-pager is not given; overrides $PAGER.
If neither $SYSTEMD_PAGER nor $PAGER are set, a set of
well-known pager implementations are tried in turn, including
less(1) and more(1), until one is found. If no pager
implementation is discovered no pager is invoked. Setting
this environment variable to an empty string or the value
"cat" is equivalent to passing --no-pager.
Note: if $SYSTEMD_PAGERSECURE is not set, $SYSTEMD_PAGER (as
well as $PAGER) will be silently ignored.
$SYSTEMD_LESS
Override the options passed to less (by default "FRSXMK").
Users might want to change two options in particular:
K
This option instructs the pager to exit immediately when
Ctrl+C is pressed. To allow less to handle Ctrl+C itself
to switch back to the pager command prompt, unset this
option.
If the value of $SYSTEMD_LESS does not include "K", and
the pager that is invoked is less, Ctrl+C will be ignored
by the executable, and needs to be handled by the pager.
X
This option instructs the pager to not send termcap
initialization and deinitialization strings to the
terminal. It is set by default to allow command output to
remain visible in the terminal even after the pager
exits. Nevertheless, this prevents some pager
functionality from working, in particular paged output
cannot be scrolled with the mouse.
Note that setting the regular $LESS environment variable has
no effect for less invocations by systemd tools.
See less(1) for more discussion.
$SYSTEMD_LESSCHARSET
Override the charset passed to less (by default "utf-8", if
the invoking terminal is determined to be UTF-8 compatible).
Note that setting the regular $LESSCHARSET environment
variable has no effect for less invocations by systemd tools.
$SYSTEMD_PAGERSECURE
Takes a boolean argument. When true, the "secure" mode of the
pager is enabled; if false, disabled. If $SYSTEMD_PAGERSECURE
is not set at all, secure mode is enabled if the effective
UID is not the same as the owner of the login session, see
geteuid(2) and sd_pid_get_owner_uid(3). In secure mode,
LESSSECURE=1 will be set when invoking the pager, and the
pager shall disable commands that open or create new files or
start new subprocesses. When $SYSTEMD_PAGERSECURE is not set
at all, pagers which are not known to implement secure mode
will not be used. (Currently only less(1) implements secure
mode.)
Note: when commands are invoked with elevated privileges, for
example under sudo(8) or pkexec(1), care must be taken to
ensure that unintended interactive features are not enabled.
"Secure" mode for the pager may be enabled automatically as
describe above. Setting SYSTEMD_PAGERSECURE=0 or not removing
it from the inherited environment allows the user to invoke
arbitrary commands. Note that if the $SYSTEMD_PAGER or $PAGER
variables are to be honoured, $SYSTEMD_PAGERSECURE must be
set too. It might be reasonable to completely disable the
pager using --no-pager instead.
$SYSTEMD_COLORS
Takes a boolean argument. When true, systemd and related
utilities will use colors in their output, otherwise the
output will be monochrome. Additionally, the variable can
take one of the following special values: "16", "256" to
restrict the use of colors to the base 16 or 256 ANSI colors,
respectively. This can be specified to override the automatic
decision based on $TERM and what the console is connected to.
$SYSTEMD_URLIFY
The value must be a boolean. Controls whether clickable links
should be generated in the output for terminal emulators
supporting this. This can be specified to override the
decision that systemd makes based on $TERM and other
conditions.
systemd(1), locale(7), locale.conf(5), vconsole.conf(5),
loadkeys(1), kbd(4), The XKB Configuration Guide[1],
systemctl(1), systemd-localed.service(8), systemd-firstboot(1)
1. The XKB Configuration Guide
http://www.x.org/releases/current/doc/xorg-docs/input/XKB-Config.html
This page is part of the systemd (systemd system and service
manager) project. Information about the project can be found at
⟨http://www.freedesktop.org/wiki/Software/systemd⟩. If you have
a bug report for this manual page, see
⟨http://www.freedesktop.org/wiki/Software/systemd/#bugreports⟩.
This page was obtained from the project's upstream Git repository
⟨https://github.com/systemd/systemd.git⟩ on 2024-06-14. (At that
time, the date of the most recent commit that was found in the
repository was 2024-06-13.) If you discover any rendering
problems in this HTML version of the page, or you believe there
is a better or more up-to-date source for the page, or you have
corrections or improvements to the information in this COLOPHON
(which is not part of the original manual page), send a mail to
man-pages@man7.org
systemd 257~devel LOCALECTL(1)
Pages that refer to this page: systemd-firstboot(1), locale.conf(5), vconsole.conf(5), systemd.directives(7), systemd.index(7), systemd-localed.service(8), systemd-machined.service(8)
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HTML rendering created 2024-06-26 by Michael Kerrisk, author of The Linux Programming Interface. For details of in-depth Linux/UNIX system programming training courses that I teach, look here. Hosting by jambit GmbH. |
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