gitformat-signature(5) — Linux manual page

NAME | SYNOPSIS | DESCRIPTION | TAG SIGNATURES | COMMIT SIGNATURES | MERGETAG SIGNATURES | GIT | COLOPHON

GITFORMAT-SIGNATURE(5)         Git Manual         GITFORMAT-SIGNATURE(5)

NAME         top

       gitformat-signature - Git cryptographic signature formats

SYNOPSIS         top

       <[tag|commit] object header(s)>
       <over-the-wire protocol>

DESCRIPTION         top

       Git uses cryptographic signatures in various places, currently
       objects (tags, commits, mergetags) and transactions (pushes). In
       every case, the command which is about to create an object or
       transaction determines a payload from that, calls an external
       program to obtain a detached signature for the payload (gpg -bsa
       in the case of PGP signatures), and embeds the signature into the
       object or transaction.

       Signatures begin with an "ASCII Armor" header line and end with a
       tail line, which differ depending on signature type (as selected
       by gpg.format, see git-config(1)). These are, for gpg.format
       values:

       gpg (PGP)
           -----BEGIN PGP SIGNATURE----- and -----END PGP
           SIGNATURE-----. Or, if gpg is told to produce RFC1991
           signatures, -----BEGIN PGP MESSAGE----- and -----END PGP
           MESSAGE-----

       ssh (SSH)
           -----BEGIN SSH SIGNATURE----- and -----END SSH SIGNATURE-----

       x509 (X.509)
           -----BEGIN SIGNED MESSAGE----- and -----END SIGNED
           MESSAGE-----

       Signatures sometimes appear as a part of the normal payload (e.g.
       a signed tag has the signature block appended after the payload
       that the signature applies to), and sometimes appear in the value
       of an object header (e.g. a merge commit that merged a signed tag
       would have the entire tag contents on its "mergetag" header). In
       the case of the latter, the usual multi-line formatting rule for
       object headers applies. I.e. the second and subsequent lines are
       prefixed with a SP to signal that the line is continued from the
       previous line.

       This is even true for an originally empty line. In the following
       examples, the end of line that ends with a whitespace letter is
       highlighted with a $ sign; if you are trying to recreate these
       example by hand, do not cut and paste them—they are there
       primarily to highlight extra whitespace at the end of some lines.

       The signed payload and the way the signature is embedded depends
       on the type of the object resp. transaction.

TAG SIGNATURES         top

       •   created by: git tag -s

       •   payload: annotated tag object

       •   embedding: append the signature to the unsigned tag object

       •   example: tag signedtag with subject signed tag

           object 04b871796dc0420f8e7561a895b52484b701d51a
           type commit
           tag signedtag
           tagger C O Mitter <committer@example.com> 1465981006 +0000

           signed tag

           signed tag message body
           -----BEGIN PGP SIGNATURE-----
           Version: GnuPG v1

           iQEcBAABAgAGBQJXYRhOAAoJEGEJLoW3InGJklkIAIcnhL7RwEb/+QeX9enkXhxn
           rxfdqrvWd1K80sl2TOt8Bg/NYwrUBw/RWJ+sg/hhHp4WtvE1HDGHlkEz3y11Lkuh
           8tSxS3qKTxXUGozyPGuE90sJfExhZlW4knIQ1wt/yWqM+33E9pN4hzPqLwyrdods
           q8FWEqPPUbSJXoMbRPw04S5jrLtZSsUWbRYjmJCHzlhSfFWW4eFd37uquIaLUBS0
           rkC3Jrx7420jkIpgFcTI2s60uhSQLzgcCwdA2ukSYIRnjg/zDkj8+3h/GaROJ72x
           lZyI6HWixKJkWw8lE9aAOD9TmTW9sFJwcVAzmAuFX2kUreDUKMZduGcoRYGpD7E=
           =jpXa
           -----END PGP SIGNATURE-----

       •   verify with: git verify-tag [-v] or git tag -v

           gpg: Signature made Wed Jun 15 10:56:46 2016 CEST using RSA key ID B7227189
           gpg: Good signature from "Eris Discordia <discord@example.net>"
           gpg: WARNING: This key is not certified with a trusted signature!
           gpg:          There is no indication that the signature belongs to the owner.
           Primary key fingerprint: D4BE 2231 1AD3 131E 5EDA  29A4 6109 2E85 B722 7189
           object 04b871796dc0420f8e7561a895b52484b701d51a
           type commit
           tag signedtag
           tagger C O Mitter <committer@example.com> 1465981006 +0000

           signed tag

           signed tag message body

COMMIT SIGNATURES         top

       •   created by: git commit -S

       •   payload: commit object

       •   embedding: header entry gpgsig (content is preceded by a
           space)

       •   example: commit with subject signed commit

           tree eebfed94e75e7760540d1485c740902590a00332
           parent 04b871796dc0420f8e7561a895b52484b701d51a
           author A U Thor <author@example.com> 1465981137 +0000
           committer C O Mitter <committer@example.com> 1465981137 +0000
           gpgsig -----BEGIN PGP SIGNATURE-----
            Version: GnuPG v1
            $
            iQEcBAABAgAGBQJXYRjRAAoJEGEJLoW3InGJ3IwIAIY4SA6GxY3BjL60YyvsJPh/
            HRCJwH+w7wt3Yc/9/bW2F+gF72kdHOOs2jfv+OZhq0q4OAN6fvVSczISY/82LpS7
            DVdMQj2/YcHDT4xrDNBnXnviDO9G7am/9OE77kEbXrp7QPxvhjkicHNwy2rEflAA
            zn075rtEERDHr8nRYiDh8eVrefSO7D+bdQ7gv+7GsYMsd2auJWi1dHOSfTr9HIF4
            HJhWXT9d2f8W+diRYXGh4X0wYiGg6na/soXc+vdtDYBzIxanRqjg8jCAeo1eOTk1
            EdTwhcTZlI0x5pvJ3H0+4hA2jtldVtmPM4OTB0cTrEWBad7XV6YgiyuII73Ve3I=
            =jKHM
            -----END PGP SIGNATURE-----

           signed commit

           signed commit message body

       •   verify with: git verify-commit [-v] (or git show
           --show-signature)

           gpg: Signature made Wed Jun 15 10:58:57 2016 CEST using RSA key ID B7227189
           gpg: Good signature from "Eris Discordia <discord@example.net>"
           gpg: WARNING: This key is not certified with a trusted signature!
           gpg:          There is no indication that the signature belongs to the owner.
           Primary key fingerprint: D4BE 2231 1AD3 131E 5EDA  29A4 6109 2E85 B722 7189
           tree eebfed94e75e7760540d1485c740902590a00332
           parent 04b871796dc0420f8e7561a895b52484b701d51a
           author A U Thor <author@example.com> 1465981137 +0000
           committer C O Mitter <committer@example.com> 1465981137 +0000

           signed commit

           signed commit message body

MERGETAG SIGNATURES         top

       •   created by: git merge on signed tag

       •   payload/embedding: the whole signed tag object is embedded
           into the (merge) commit object as header entry mergetag

       •   example: merge of the signed tag signedtag as above

           tree c7b1cff039a93f3600a1d18b82d26688668c7dea
           parent c33429be94b5f2d3ee9b0adad223f877f174b05d
           parent 04b871796dc0420f8e7561a895b52484b701d51a
           author A U Thor <author@example.com> 1465982009 +0000
           committer C O Mitter <committer@example.com> 1465982009 +0000
           mergetag object 04b871796dc0420f8e7561a895b52484b701d51a
            type commit
            tag signedtag
            tagger C O Mitter <committer@example.com> 1465981006 +0000
            $
            signed tag
            $
            signed tag message body
            -----BEGIN PGP SIGNATURE-----
            Version: GnuPG v1
            $
            iQEcBAABAgAGBQJXYRhOAAoJEGEJLoW3InGJklkIAIcnhL7RwEb/+QeX9enkXhxn
            rxfdqrvWd1K80sl2TOt8Bg/NYwrUBw/RWJ+sg/hhHp4WtvE1HDGHlkEz3y11Lkuh
            8tSxS3qKTxXUGozyPGuE90sJfExhZlW4knIQ1wt/yWqM+33E9pN4hzPqLwyrdods
            q8FWEqPPUbSJXoMbRPw04S5jrLtZSsUWbRYjmJCHzlhSfFWW4eFd37uquIaLUBS0
            rkC3Jrx7420jkIpgFcTI2s60uhSQLzgcCwdA2ukSYIRnjg/zDkj8+3h/GaROJ72x
            lZyI6HWixKJkWw8lE9aAOD9TmTW9sFJwcVAzmAuFX2kUreDUKMZduGcoRYGpD7E=
            =jpXa
            -----END PGP SIGNATURE-----

           Merge tag 'signedtag' into downstream

           signed tag

           signed tag message body

           # gpg: Signature made Wed Jun 15 08:56:46 2016 UTC using RSA key ID B7227189
           # gpg: Good signature from "Eris Discordia <discord@example.net>"
           # gpg: WARNING: This key is not certified with a trusted signature!
           # gpg:          There is no indication that the signature belongs to the owner.
           # Primary key fingerprint: D4BE 2231 1AD3 131E 5EDA  29A4 6109 2E85 B722 7189

       •   verify with: verification is embedded in merge commit message
           by default, alternatively with git show --show-signature:

           commit 9863f0c76ff78712b6800e199a46aa56afbcbd49
           merged tag 'signedtag'
           gpg: Signature made Wed Jun 15 10:56:46 2016 CEST using RSA key ID B7227189
           gpg: Good signature from "Eris Discordia <discord@example.net>"
           gpg: WARNING: This key is not certified with a trusted signature!
           gpg:          There is no indication that the signature belongs to the owner.
           Primary key fingerprint: D4BE 2231 1AD3 131E 5EDA  29A4 6109 2E85 B722 7189
           Merge: c33429b 04b8717
           Author: A U Thor <author@example.com>
           Date:   Wed Jun 15 09:13:29 2016 +0000

               Merge tag 'signedtag' into downstream

               signed tag

               signed tag message body

               # gpg: Signature made Wed Jun 15 08:56:46 2016 UTC using RSA key ID B7227189
               # gpg: Good signature from "Eris Discordia <discord@example.net>"
               # gpg: WARNING: This key is not certified with a trusted signature!
               # gpg:          There is no indication that the signature belongs to the owner.
               # Primary key fingerprint: D4BE 2231 1AD3 131E 5EDA  29A4 6109 2E85 B722 7189

GIT         top

       Part of the git(1) suite

COLOPHON         top

       This page is part of the git (Git distributed version control
       system) project.  Information about the project can be found at
       ⟨http://git-scm.com/⟩.  If you have a bug report for this manual
       page, see ⟨http://git-scm.com/community⟩.  This page was obtained
       from the project's upstream Git repository
       ⟨https://github.com/git/git.git⟩ on 2024-06-14.  (At that time,
       the date of the most recent commit that was found in the
       repository was 2024-06-12.)  If you discover any rendering
       problems in this HTML version of the page, or you believe there
       is a better or more up-to-date source for the page, or you have
       corrections or improvements to the information in this COLOPHON
       (which is not part of the original manual page), send a mail to
       man-pages@man7.org

Git 2.45.2.492.gd63586         2024-06-12         GITFORMAT-SIGNATURE(5)

Pages that refer to this page: git(1)git-config(1)