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NAME | DESCRIPTION | DESIGN | PROTOCOL | EXAMPLES | SEE ALSO | HISTORY | COLOPHON |
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SMTPD-TABLES(7) Miscellaneous Information Manual SMTPD-TABLES(7)
smtpd-tables — table API for the smtpd daemon
The smtpd(8) daemon provides a Simple Mail Transfer Protocol
(SMTPD) implementation, which allows ordinary machines to become
Mail eXchangers (MX). Some features that are commonly used by
MX, such as querying databases for user credentials, are outside
of the scope of SMTP and too complex to fit in smtpd(8).
Because an MX may need to provide these features, smtpd(8)
provides an API to implement table(5) backends with a simple
text-based protocol.
smtpd-tables are programs that run as unique standalone
processes, they do not share smtpd(8) address space. They are
executed by smtpd(8) at startup and expected to run in an
infinite loop, reading events and queries from standard input and
writing responses to standard output. They are not allowed to
terminate.
Because smtpd-tables are standalone programs that communicate
with smtpd(8), they may run as different users than smtpd(8) and
may be written in any language. smtpd-tables must not use
blocking I/O, they must support answering asynchronously to
smtpd(8).
The protocol consist of human-readable lines exchanged between
smtpd-tables and smtpd(8).
The protocol begins with a handshake. First, smtpd(8) provides
smtpd-tables with general configuration information in the form
of key-value lines, terminated by ‘config|ready’. For example:
config|smtpd-version|7.5.0
config|protocol|0.1
config|tablename|devs
config|ready
Then, smtpd-tables register the supported services, terminating
with ‘register|ready’. For example:
register|alias
register|credentials
register|ready
Finally, smtpd(8) can start querying the table. For example:
table|0.1|1713795082.354255|devs|lookup|alias|b72508d|op
The “|” character is used to separate the fields and may only
appear verbatim in the last field of the payload, in which case
it should be considered a regular character and not a separator.
No other field may contain a “|”.
Each request has a common set of fields, followed by some other
fields that are operation-specific. The common format consists
of a protocol prefix ‘table’, the protocol version, the timestamp
and the table name. For example:
table|0.1|1713795091.202157|devs
The protocol is inherently asynchronous, so multiple request may
be sent without waiting for the table to reply. All the replies
have a common prefix, followed by the operation-specific
response. The common format consist of a prefix with the
operation name in followed by ‘-result’, and the unique ID of the
request. For example:
lookup-result|b72508d
The list of operations, operation-specific parameters and
responses are as follows:
update id
Ask the table to reload its configuration. The result is
either ‘ok’ on success or ‘error’ and a message upon a
failure to do so.
check service id query
Check whether query is present in the table. The result
is ‘found’ if found, ‘not-found’ if not, or ‘error’ and a
message upon an error.
lookup service id query
Look up a value in the table for given the query. The
result is ‘found’ and the value if found, ‘not-found’ if
not found, or ‘error’ and a message upon an error.
fetch service id
Fetch the next item from the table, eventually wrapping
around. It is only supported for the source and
relayhost services. The result is ‘found’ and the value
if found, ‘not-found’ if the table is empty, or ‘error’
and a message upon an error.
Each service has a specific format for the result. The exact
syntax for the values and eventually the keys are described in
table(5). The services and their result format are as follows:
alias One or more aliases separated by a comma.
domain A domain name.
credentials The user name, followed by ‘:’ and the encrypted
password as per smtpctl(8) encrypt subcommand.
netaddr IPv4 and IPv6 address or netmask.
userinfo The user id, followed by ‘:’ then the group id, then
‘:’ and finally the home directory.
source IPv4 and IPv6 address.
mailaddr An username, a domain or a full email address.
addrname Used to map IP addresses to hostnames.
Assuming the table is called “devs”, here's an example of a
failed update transaction:
table|0.1|1713795097.394049|devs|update|478ff0d2
update-result|478ff0d2|error|failed to connect to the database
A check request for the netaddr service for the 192.168.0.7 IPv4
address which is not in the table:
table|0.1|1713795103.314423|devs|check|netaddr|e5862859|192.168.0.7
check-result|e5862859|not-found
A successful lookup request for the userinfo service for the user
‘op’:
table|0.1|1713795110.354921|devs|lookup|userinfo|f993c74|op
lookup-result|f993c74|found|1000:1000:/home/op
A series of fetch requests for the source service that wraps
around:
table|0.1|1713795116.227321|devs|fetch|source|189bd3ee
lookup-result|189bd3ee|found|192.168.1.7
table|0.1|1713795120.162438|devs|fetch|source|9e4c56d4
lookup-result|9e4c56d4|found|10.0.0.8
table|0.1|1713795122.930928|devs|fetch|source|f2c8b906
lookup-result|f2c8b906|found|192.168.1.7
smtpd(8)
smtpd-tables first appeared in OpenBSD 7.6.
This page is part of the OpenSMTPD (a FREE implementation of the
server-side SMTP protocol) project. Information about the
project can be found at https://www.opensmtpd.org/. If you have
a bug report for this manual page, see
⟨https://github.com/OpenSMTPD/OpenSMTPD/issues⟩. This page was
obtained from the project's upstream Git repository
⟨https://github.com/OpenSMTPD/OpenSMTPD.git⟩ on 2024-06-14. (At
that time, the date of the most recent commit that was found in
the repository was 2024-06-09.) If you discover any rendering
problems in this HTML version of the page, or you believe there
is a better or more up-to-date source for the page, or you have
corrections or improvements to the information in this COLOPHON
(which is not part of the original manual page), send a mail to
man-pages@man7.org
GNU May 23, 2024 SMTPD-TABLES(7)
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HTML rendering created 2024-06-26 by Michael Kerrisk, author of The Linux Programming Interface. For details of in-depth Linux/UNIX system programming training courses that I teach, look here. Hosting by jambit GmbH. |
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