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HTML rendering created 2026-05-24 by Michael Kerrisk, author of The Linux Programming Interface. For details of in-depth Linux/UNIX system programming training courses that I teach, look here. Hosting by jambit GmbH. |
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NAME | SYNOPSIS | DESCRIPTION | AUTHOR | REPORTING BUGS | COPYRIGHT | SEE ALSO | COLOPHON |
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PR(1) User Commands PR(1)
pr - convert text files for printing
pr [OPTION]... [FILE]...
Paginate or columnate FILE(s) for printing.
With no FILE, or when FILE is -, read standard input.
Mandatory arguments to long options are mandatory for short
options too.
]8;;https://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils/manual/coreutils.html#pr--pages\+FIRST_PAGE[:LAST_PAGE], --pages=FIRST_PAGE[:LAST_PAGE]]8;;\
begin [stop] printing with page FIRST_[LAST_]PAGE
]8;;https://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils/manual/coreutils.html#pr-COLS\-COLS, --columns=COLS]8;;\
output COLS columns and print columns down, unless -a is
used. Balance number of lines in the columns on each page
]8;;https://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils/manual/coreutils.html#pr-a\-a, --across]8;;\
print columns across rather than down, used together with
-COLS
]8;;https://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils/manual/coreutils.html#pr-c\-c, --show-control-chars]8;;\
use hat notation (^G) and octal backslash notation
]8;;https://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils/manual/coreutils.html#pr-d\-d, --double-space]8;;\
double space the output
]8;;https://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils/manual/coreutils.html#pr-D\-D, --date-format=FORMAT]8;;\
use FORMAT for the header date
]8;;https://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils/manual/coreutils.html#pr-e\-e[CHAR[WIDTH]], --expand-tabs[=CHAR[WIDTH]]]8;;\
expand input CHARs (TABs) to tab WIDTH (8)
]8;;https://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils/manual/coreutils.html#pr-F\-F, -f, --form-feed]8;;\
use form feeds instead of newlines to separate pages (by a
3-line page header with -F or a 5-line header and trailer
without -F)
]8;;https://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils/manual/coreutils.html#pr-h\-h, --header=HEADER]8;;\
use a centered HEADER instead of filename in page header,
-h "" prints a blank line, don't use -h""
]8;;https://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils/manual/coreutils.html#pr-i\-i[CHAR[WIDTH]], --output-tabs[=CHAR[WIDTH]]]8;;\
replace spaces with CHARs (TABs) to tab WIDTH (8)
]8;;https://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils/manual/coreutils.html#pr-J\-J, --join-lines]8;;\
merge full lines, turns off -W line truncation, no column
alignment, --sep-string[=STRING] sets separators
]8;;https://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils/manual/coreutils.html#pr-l\-l, --length=PAGE_LENGTH]8;;\
set the page length to PAGE_LENGTH (66) lines (default
number of lines of text 56, and with -F 63). implies -t if
PAGE_LENGTH <= 10
]8;;https://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils/manual/coreutils.html#pr-m\-m, --merge]8;;\
print all files in parallel, one in each column, truncate
lines, but join lines of full length with -J
]8;;https://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils/manual/coreutils.html#pr-n\-n[SEP[DIGITS]], --number-lines[=SEP[DIGITS]]]8;;\
number lines, use DIGITS (5) digits, then SEP (TAB),
default counting starts with 1st line of input file
]8;;https://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils/manual/coreutils.html#pr-N\-N, --first-line-number=NUMBER]8;;\
start counting with NUMBER at 1st line of first page
printed (see +FIRST_PAGE)
]8;;https://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils/manual/coreutils.html#pr-o\-o, --indent=MARGIN]8;;\
offset each line with MARGIN (zero) spaces, do not affect
-w or -W, MARGIN will be added to PAGE_WIDTH
]8;;https://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils/manual/coreutils.html#pr-r\-r, --no-file-warnings]8;;\
omit warning when a file cannot be opened
]8;;https://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils/manual/coreutils.html#pr-s\-s[CHAR], --separator[=CHAR]]8;;\
separate columns by a single character, default for CHAR is
the <TAB> character without -w and 'no char' with -w.
-s[CHAR] turns off line truncation of all 3 column options
(-COLS|-a -COLS|-m) except -w is set
]8;;https://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils/manual/coreutils.html#pr-S\-S[STRING], --sep-string[=STRING]]8;;\
separate columns by STRING, without -S: Default separator
<TAB> with -J and <space> otherwise (same as -S" "), no
effect on column options
]8;;https://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils/manual/coreutils.html#pr-t\-t, --omit-header]8;;\
omit page headers and trailers; implied if PAGE_LENGTH <=
10
]8;;https://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils/manual/coreutils.html#pr-T\-T, --omit-pagination]8;;\
omit page headers and trailers, eliminate any pagination by
form feeds set in input files
]8;;https://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils/manual/coreutils.html#pr-v\-v, --show-nonprinting]8;;\
use octal backslash notation
]8;;https://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils/manual/coreutils.html#pr-w\-w, --width=PAGE_WIDTH]8;;\
set page width to PAGE_WIDTH (72) characters for multiple
text-column output only, -s[char] turns off (72)
]8;;https://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils/manual/coreutils.html#pr-W\-W, --page-width=PAGE_WIDTH]8;;\
set page width to PAGE_WIDTH (72) characters always,
truncate lines, except -J option is set, no interference
with -S or -s
]8;;https://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils/pr#pr--help\--help]8;;\ display this help and exit
]8;;https://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils/pr#pr--version\--version]8;;\
output version information and exit
Written by Pete TerMaat and Roland Huebner.
Report bugs to: bug-coreutils@gnu.org
GNU coreutils home page: <https://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils/>
General help using GNU software: <https://www.gnu.org/gethelp/>
Report any translation bugs to
<https://translationproject.org/team/>
Copyright © 2026 Free Software Foundation, Inc. License GPLv3+:
GNU GPL version 3 or later <https://gnu.org/licenses/gpl.html>.
This is free software: you are free to change and redistribute it.
There is NO WARRANTY, to the extent permitted by law.
Full documentation <https://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils/pr>
or available locally via: info '(coreutils) pr invocation'
This page is part of the coreutils (basic file, shell and text
manipulation utilities) project. Information about the project
can be found at ⟨http://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils/⟩. If you
have a bug report for this manual page, see
⟨http://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils/⟩. This page was obtained
from the tarball coreutils-9.11.tar.xz fetched from
⟨http://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/coreutils/⟩ on 2026-05-24. If you
discover any rendering problems in this HTML version of the page,
or you believe there is a better or more up-to-date source for the
page, or you have corrections or improvements to the information
in this COLOPHON (which is not part of the original manual page),
send a mail to man-pages@man7.org
GNU coreutils 9.11 April 2026 PR(1)
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HTML rendering created 2026-05-24 by Michael Kerrisk, author of The Linux Programming Interface. For details of in-depth Linux/UNIX system programming training courses that I teach, look here. Hosting by jambit GmbH. |
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