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NAME | SYNOPSIS | DESCRIPTION | OPTIONS | NOTE | CONFIGURATION | FILES | EXIT VALUES | SEE ALSO | COLOPHON |
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CHAGE(1) User Commands CHAGE(1)
chage - change user password expiry information
chage [options] LOGIN
The chage command changes the number of days between password
changes and the date of the last password change. This
information is used by the system to determine when a user must
change their password.
The options which apply to the chage command are:
-d, --lastday LAST_DAY
Set the number of days since January 1st, 1970 when the
password was last changed. The date may also be expressed in
the format YYYY-MM-DD (or the format more commonly used in
your area). If the LAST_DAY is set to 0 the user is forced to
change his password on the next log on.
-E, --expiredate EXPIRE_DATE
Set the date or number of days since January 1, 1970 on which
the user's account will no longer be accessible. The date may
also be expressed in the format YYYY-MM-DD (or the format
more commonly used in your area). A user whose account is
locked must contact the system administrator before being
able to use the system again.
For example the following can be used to set an account to
expire in 180 days:
chage -E $(date -d +180days +%Y-%m-%d)
Passing the number -1 as the EXPIRE_DATE will remove an
account expiration date.
-h, --help
Display help message and exit.
-i, --iso8601
When printing dates, use YYYY-MM-DD format.
-I, --inactive INACTIVE
Set the number of days of inactivity after a password has
expired before the account is locked. The INACTIVE option is
the number of days of inactivity. A user whose account is
locked must contact the system administrator before being
able to use the system again.
Passing the number -1 as the INACTIVE will remove an
account's inactivity.
-l, --list
Show account aging information.
-m, --mindays MIN_DAYS
Set the minimum number of days between password changes to
MIN_DAYS. A value of zero for this field indicates that the
user may change their password at any time.
-M, --maxdays MAX_DAYS
Set the maximum number of days during which a password is
valid. When MAX_DAYS plus LAST_DAY is less than the current
day, the user will be required to change their password
before being able to use their account. This occurrence can
be planned for in advance by use of the -W option, which
provides the user with advance warning.
Passing the number -1 as MAX_DAYS will remove checking a
password's validity.
-R, --root CHROOT_DIR
Apply changes in the CHROOT_DIR directory and use the
configuration files from the CHROOT_DIR directory. Only
absolute paths are supported.
-P, --prefix PREFIX_DIR
Apply changes to configuration files under the root
filesystem found under the directory PREFIX_DIR. This option
does not chroot and is intended for preparing a
cross-compilation target. Some limitations: NIS and LDAP
users/groups are not verified. PAM authentication is using
the host files. No SELINUX support.
-W, --warndays WARN_DAYS
Set the number of days of warning before a password change is
required. The WARN_DAYS option is the number of days prior to
the password expiring that a user will be warned their
password is about to expire.
If none of the options are selected, chage operates in an
interactive fashion, prompting the user with the current values
for all of the fields. Enter the new value to change the field,
or leave the line blank to use the current value. The current
value is displayed between a pair of [ ] marks.
The chage program requires a shadow password file to be
available.
The chage program will report only the information from the
shadow password file. This implies that configuration from other
sources (e.g. LDAP or empty password hash field from the passwd
file) that affect the user's login will not be shown in the chage
output.
The chage program will also not report any inconsistency between
the shadow and passwd files (e.g. missing x in the passwd file).
The pwck can be used to check for this kind of inconsistencies.
The chage command is restricted to the root user, except for the
-l option, which may be used by an unprivileged user to determine
when their password or account is due to expire.
The following configuration variables in /etc/login.defs change
the behavior of this tool:
/etc/passwd
User account information.
/etc/shadow
Secure user account information.
The chage command exits with the following values:
0
success
1
permission denied
2
invalid command syntax
15
can't find the shadow password file
passwd(5), shadow(5).
This page is part of the shadow-utils (utilities for managing
accounts and shadow password files) project. Information about
the project can be found at
⟨https://github.com/shadow-maint/shadow⟩. If you have a bug
report for this manual page, send it to
pkg-shadow-devel@alioth-lists.debian.net. This page was obtained
from the project's upstream Git repository
⟨https://github.com/shadow-maint/shadow⟩ on 2024-06-15. (At that
time, the date of the most recent commit that was found in the
repository was 2024-06-13.) If you discover any rendering
problems in this HTML version of the page, or you believe there
is a better or more up-to-date source for the page, or you have
corrections or improvements to the information in this COLOPHON
(which is not part of the original manual page), send a mail to
man-pages@man7.org
shadow-utils 4.14.0 06/15/2024 CHAGE(1)
Pages that refer to this page: shadow(5)
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HTML rendering created 2024-06-26 by Michael Kerrisk, author of The Linux Programming Interface. For details of in-depth Linux/UNIX system programming training courses that I teach, look here. Hosting by jambit GmbH. |
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